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第20号公告板 - Winter 2004
BacterologyEscherichia coli & Clostridium dificile / perfrigens
TOO H, SENEQUE S
Neonatal enteric colibacillosis.
Asian Pork Magazine, April/May 2004, 34-36
When dealing with neonatal diarrhea in piglets, Escherichia coli is indisputably the main causal agent involved. To induce diarrhea, E. coli need two virulence factors : adhesins (F4, F5, F6 or F41) which gives bacteria the capacity to adhere to the intestinal wall and enterotoxins (ST and LT) which are produced in situ and induce fluid and electrolyte loss. Such types of E. coli are called enterotoxigenic (ETEC) and cause watery diarrhea resulting in dehydration and acidosis. One of the major factors that increase the susceptibility of piglets to neonatal diarrhea is unsuitable colostrum intake. Clinical signs are most often observed at 3 days of life but diarrhea or sudden death can occur even sooner. In pigs older than one week, ETEC remains the suspect number one even if other pathogens such as rotavirus and Isospora suis may be involved. The administration of oral electrolytes will help to resolve dehydration and acidosis and oral antibiotics will directly fighty against the bacteria. Three levels of control of neonatal diarrhea must be considered : the environment (disinfection of farrowing pens between two litters), the piglet itself (right temperature and suitable intake of colostrum) and the dam. Indeed, by vaccinating sows shortly before farrowing, the immune quality of colostrum greatly improves and so is the prevention of neonatale diarrhea.
